Gustave Flaubert, the eminent French novelist, is renowned for his profundity in literary realism and his influence on literary history. Flaubert was born on December 12, 1821, in Rouen, Normandy, and delved into literature from an early age, influenced by the burgeoning Romantic literary movement. His meticulous approach to writing, marked by a relentless search for le mot juste (the precise word), has set a precedent for meticulous craftsmanship in literary production. Flaubert's masterpiece, 'Madame Bovary' (1857), remains an archetype of realist narrative, dissecting the life and romantic illusions of Emma Bovary. This seminal work drew controversy and legal scrutiny for its alleged immorality, yet subsequently solidified Flaubert's reputation as a writer who dared to challenge societal norms and artistic conventions. His literary repertoire is not restricted to this novel alone; 'Sentimental Education' (1869) and 'Salammbo' (1862) are other significant contributions that exhibit Flaubert's diverse thematic interests ranging from the historical to the psychological. 'The Collected Works' of Flaubert not only showcase his famed masterpieces but also compile his lesser-known works, offering an extensive vista into his narrative and stylistic evolution. The thematic preoccupation with human folly and the limitations of society is evident throughout his oeuvre, rendering his literature a provocative critique of his times. Flaubert's legacy is immense, having influenced generations of writers, including modernist luminaries such as James Joyce and Marcel Proust, and continues to be a subject of scholarly study for his stylistic rigor and narrative innovations.