Ernest Hemingway, born on July 21, 1899, in Oak Park, Illinois, stands as a towering figure in the annals of American literature. Renowned for his terse and understated writing style, Hemingway made his literary debut with a quintessential novel, 'The Sun Also Rises' (1926), which encapsulates the post-World War I disillusionment of the 'Lost Generation'. A master of narrative economy, his prose is marked by unadorned language and the use of the 'iceberg theory', which suggests that the substance of a story lies below the surface of the text. Hemingway's work is informed by his adventures as an expatriate in Paris, an ambulance driver in World War I, and a fervent aficionado of bullfighting, fishing, and hunting. His contributions to literature include other monumental works such as 'A Farewell to Arms' (1929), 'For Whom the Bell Tolls' (1940), and 'The Old Man and the Sea' (1952), for which he won the Pulitzer Prize in 1953. His literary prowess brought him the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1954 for his mastery of the art of narrative, and for the influence he has exerted on contemporary style. Hemingway's persona as a rugged individualist and his compact prose style have left an indelible mark on the development of 20th-century fiction.